The etiology of uHCC is multi-factorial and encompasses both viral and non-viral causes. Common to both is liver damage with the development of cirrhosis. Viral causes include hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV), while non-viral causes include nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), alcohol-induced cirrhosis, tobacco use, diabetes, and obesity. The most common of these in the US are HCV, alcohol, and NASH. More effective uHCC treatment options that address viral and non-viral etiology are needed.1,2
Incidence of liver cancer is projected to increase
137%
over the next decade3
By 2029, regimens that combine an immune checkpoint inhibitor with an angiogenesis inhibitor will carry a large share of overall prescriptions.6
Checkpoint inhibitor and TKI combinations offer promise because toxicity profiles do not overlap.7
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REFERENCES: 1. Massarweh NN, El-Serag HB. Cancer Control. 2017;24(3):1073274817729245. 2. Cheng AL, Qin S, Ikeda M, et al. J Hepatol. 2022;76(4):862-873. 3. Weinfurtner K, Dodge JL, Yao FYK, Mehta N. Transplant Direct. 2020;6(10):e605. 4. Zhou Z, Li M. BMC Med. 2022;20(1):90. 5. Huang A, Yang XR, Chung WY, Dennison AR, Zhou J. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020;5(1):146. 6. Sadhu A, Blandy O. Decisions Resources Group. Published November 20, 2020. 7. Zhu XD, Tang ZY, Sun HC. Genes Dis. 2020;7(3):328-335.